Formula
Quality points = grade points × credit hoursGPA = Σ quality points ÷ Σ credit hoursCumulative GPA = (old GPA × old credits + new points) ÷ (old credits + new credits) How it works
A GPA is a credit-weighted average. Each letter grade is turned into grade points — A = 4.0, B = 3.0, C = 2.0, D = 1.0, F = 0, with plus and minus grades 0.3 above or below — and multiplied by the course’s credit hours. Add those quality points up and divide by the total credits.
Because of the weighting, a 4-credit course moves your GPA more than a 1-credit lab. Retaking a high-credit class is usually the fastest way to raise a low average, if your school replaces the old grade.
Schools differ in the details: some count an A+ as 4.3, some do not use minus grades, and pass/fail or withdrawn courses are normally left out of the calculation. To project your overall GPA, enter your current cumulative GPA and credits along with this term’s courses.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between weighted and unweighted GPA?
Unweighted GPA uses the plain 4.0 scale shown here. Weighted high-school GPAs add extra points (often +0.5 or +1.0) for honors and AP classes, so they can exceed 4.0.
How do I convert a percentage to a letter grade?
A common US scale is 93+ = A, 90–92 = A−, 87–89 = B+, 83–86 = B, 80–82 = B−, and so on down to below 60 = F. Your syllabus is the authority.
Can I type grade points instead of letters?
Yes — a line like “3.7 3” is read as 3.7 grade points for a 3-credit course.